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Types of canine urolithiasis:
1. Infected stones (struvite)
It consists primarily of magnesium ammonium phosphate, sometimes mixed with calcium carbonate phosphate and ammonium urate. Stones vary greatly in size and are dirty gray in color. Some friable stones have a marl or pumice structure on the surface. There is often a large amount of matrix in the stone and the hardness is low.
2. Calcium-containing stones
Calcium oxalate stones are the most common urinary stone in dogs. It is tan in color, hard in texture, and consists of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate, more commonly a mixed stone with calcium phosphate. Pure calcium oxalate is more common than pure calcium phosphate.
3. Uric acid stones
Consists of free uric acid. 75%-80% of uric acid stones are composed of pure uric acid, and the rest are composed of uric acid and calcium stones (calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate).
The color is yellow, brown or brown, the surface is smooth, and the stones are round or oval, sometimes in the form of fine particles. Most small stones are formed with low hardness. Usually formed in acidic urine.
Simple uric acid stones are transparent on X-rays and often do not develop, while mixed stones are opaque and can be developed on X-rays.
4. Cystine stones
The stones are yellow, waxy, smooth or granular, and the cross-section is centripetally layered or radially streaked. X-rays can pass through and are not easy to develop. They are formed in acidic urine.
Treatment for canine urolithiasis:
1. Conservative treatment
Struvite: At present, "Xilein" and ammonium chloride are used to acidify and dissolve struvite.
Uric acid stones: Generally, "Xiletin" is used together with potassium citrate to alkalize uric acid stones and then dissolve and expel the stones.
During conservative treatment, pay attention to observe whether there is any foreign body in the dog's urine and whether the color of the urine has improved to normal.
2. Lithotripsy
Calcium oxalate and other hard or large stones dissolve slowly, so lithotripsy is often used.
3. Surgical treatment
If the condition is serious, if the number of stones is relatively large and the diameter of the stones is large through urine test, blood test, and X-ray inspection, and if there is ureteria or severe hematuria, you can cooperate with the doctor for surgery.
Key points for diagnosis of canine urolithiasis:1. Bladder stones: dysuria, hematuria, frequent urination, but only a small amount of urine is discharged each time. On palpation of the bladder, multip
Treatment for urolithiasis in dogs:1. In terms of treatment, it is necessary to determine the treatment method according to the location and type of the stone. Internal medicine and surgery are the mo
Causes of bleeding from the urethra in male dogs:1. Bladder stonesBlood dripping from the urethra indicates that the dog has lost control of urination, which may be due to bladder stones or an infecti
Symptoms of dog stones:1. Frequent urination. Dogs often urinate, but the amount is small each time, but more often, sometimes small particles or fine sand-like stones can be discharged when urinating
Causes of Kidney Stones in Dogs1. Do not like to drink water. The long-term lack of water in the dog’s body will affect the detoxification and metabolism of the kidneys, and will also make the urine t
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