Why do dogs get uremia

Causes of uremia in dogs

1. Absorption of intestinal toxic substances, such as phenol, tyramine, phenylethylenediamine, etc., after being absorbed into the blood from the intestinal tract, due to renal failure and decreased liver detoxification function, the toxic substances accumulate in the blood and cause poisoning.

2. Due to renal failure, urea enters the intestinal cavity, is decomposed by intestinal bacteria into ammonia and ammonium salt, and then absorbed into the blood, causing symptoms of neurotoxicity.

3. Some toxic products of protein decomposition, such as the accumulation of guanidine compounds, can inhibit the activity of certain enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, ATPase, etc.) in the body, thereby causing convulsions in dogs, and can also induce gastroenteritis and pericarditis in dogs , bleeding and decreased immune function.

4. Acidosis occurs due to acidic metabolite excretion disorder, causing changes in breathing, cardiovascular activity and coma.

Treatment of dog uremia

1. Administer sodium bicarbonate according to the degree of acidosis, and choose an infusion solution without calcium to adjust hyperkalemia. Supplement a large number of amino acids and high-energy, vitamin preparations, etc., to improve hypernitremia. For dogs with prerenal uremia, administer furosemide 2-4 mg/kg body weight every 8-12 hours, or diuretic acid 1-2 mg/kg body weight in 2 divided doses. When neurological symptoms appear, administer chlorpromazine 10-20 mg/kg body weight or phenobarbital 2-5 mg/kg body weight, orally 3 times a day.

2. When blood urea nitrogen is 100 mg/100 ml, serum creatinine is 10 mg/100 ml, and serum potassium is 6 mmol/L, peritoneal dialysis can be purchased. Dialysate is a calcium-free fluid. Intermittent peritoneal perfusion is relatively simple. For dogs with severe water retention, hypertonic glucose perfusate can be used. If the symptoms recur after repeated perfusion, it indicates that the kidneys have completely lost their function. The prognosis is poor.

3. The abdominal wall is clipped and disinfected, punctured with an ascites trocar, and inserted into a multi-hole cannula. The cannula was removed and the cannula was left in place. After the perfusate is warmed, inject 50-150 ml/kg each time, stay for 40 minutes, drain naturally, and repeat 2-3 times. The perfusate is usually compounded with sodium lactate.

4. When the pulmonary edema is severe, a compound preparation of glucose and sodium lactate with high osmotic pressure is used in combination. Since the perfusate does not contain potassium chloride, for dogs with hypokalemia, add 4 ml of potassium chloride (4 mmol/L) per liter of perfusate.