Lemur

Lemur, living in the eastern region of Madagascar, is a mammal with echolocation ability. Africa's Madagascar is the last refuge for lemurs. Apart from this island, this primate with beautiful big eyes has disappeared from other parts of the world.

The Lemuridae family has 8 genera and 26 species. They are the most primitive primates. The skull and nasal bones are elongated, resembling a fox. Dental formula: 0-2/2, 1/1, 3/3. 3/3 = 32-36, with small or absent upper incisors and a wide diastema between the two upper canines; lower canines are incisiform, the first lower premolar is canine-like, and the molars are basically tricuspid. The sagittal crest at the origin of the temporal muscle is not prominent. The thumb and big toe are enlarged to some extent and are opposable to the other digits, and the second toe has a hooked claw. The tail is long and hairy. They have a diverse diet and are either diurnal or nocturnal, and are agile climbers.

Chinese name: 狐猴

Latin name: Aye-Aye

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Primates

Suborder: Anthropoidea

Family: Lemuridae

Subfamily: Lemuroidea

Genus: Lemur, Prolemur, Varecia

Distribution: All species are found in Madagascar, inhabiting tropical rainforests or dry forests and shrubs

English name: Lemur

The history of lemurs is longer and more diverse than originally thought. Fossils of the ancient primate Wadilemurelegans, dating back 35 million years, indicate that the origin of lemurs is much earlier than previously shown by old fossil evidence. Lemurs are a unique species of small primates found only on the island of Madagascar. A newly discovered fossil in Egypt suggests that lemurs and other primates appeared much earlier in evolutionary history than previously believed; in addition, scientists have found 5 new lemur species.

The lemur is a protected animal and is classified as a Level II protected animal, so it cannot be kept as a pet. If you want to keep a lemur at home, you need to go to the relevant department to apply for a permit, otherwise it is illegal. It is an omnivorous animal, but primarily feeds on fruits and also does not pass up on meat. It is usually active during the day and rests at night, while the night lemurs and the greater lemurs are active at night.

1. Gastroenteritis: severe diarrhea in sick animals, feces are discolored, loss of appetite or refusal to eat, and in severe cases, anal prolapse may occur. Treatment can be done by intramuscular injection of 2 ml Cephalexin for Livestock + 0.2-0.3 ml Bacillus subtilis, and at the same time, Bacillus subtilis can be given orally at a dose of 10 kg body weight per bottle. For a large group of animals with diarrhea but still have appetite, feed should be improved in time and Ofloxacin + Amoxicillin + Calcium phosphate + Life No.1 should be administered for prevention and treatment.

2. Cold: the eyes of sick foxes have tearing, dry nasal mirror, and nasal discharge. Treatment can be done by intramuscular injection of 1-2 ml Canine Parvovirus Vaccine and 1-2 ml Jin Weita.

3. Pneumonia: sick foxes have dry and cracked nasal mirror, thirst, and difficulty breathing. Treatment for acute type can be done by intramuscular injection of 1-2 ml Cephalexin for Livestock; for chronic type, intramuscular injection of 1 ml Clindamycin and fluid infusion can be done.

4. Canine Distemper: an infectious disease caused by Canine Distemper Virus. Sick animals have elevated body temperature, loss of appetite, dry nose, and within 2-3 days, nasal inflammation and conjunctivitis appear, along with sticky tears and nasal discharge, sneezing, and later neurological disorders and convulsions occur. Treatment can be done by subcutaneous injection of polyvalent Canine Distemper Immune Globulin and combined use with Cephalexin.

5. Bacillus Infection: also known as hemorrhagic septicemia. Sick animals have decreased appetite, thirst, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, rapid weight loss, and in severe cases, hind limb paralysis and neck ulcers. Treatment can be done by intramuscular injection of Cephalexin.

6. Anthrax: sick animals have a rapid rise in body temperature, foaming at the mouth, refusal to eat, staggering when walking, and in most cases, hematuria and diarrhea occur, followed by difficulty breathing and convulsions. Treatment can be done by subcutaneous injection of 10-15 ml Anti-Anthrax Immune Serum, 200,000 units of Penicillin or 100,000 units of Streptomycin. The eradication of the source of infection should also be noted, and anthrax vaccine should be administered.

7. Mastitis: swollen and reddened mammary glands, cracked nipples, refusal of cubs to suck milk. Before ulceration, treatment can be done by warm compress and massage with Fanuo solution, or intramuscular injection of 3 ml Cephalexin for Livestock and closure of the mammary gland. Alternatively, 5 grams of herbal Chrysanthemum extract can be boiled twice a day and fed. If ulceration has occurred, the ulcerated area should be cleaned and Penicillin should be injected intramuscularly.

8. Vitamin Deficiency: if there is a deficiency of vitamin A, sick foxes often have softening of the cornea, dry eyes, night blindness, etc.; if there is a deficiency of vitamin B1, loss of appetite occurs, hoarse vocalization occurs, and the head tilts backward; if there is a deficiency of vitamin C, it often occurs in 5-day-old cubs, with blisters on the toes and whitening of the oral cavity; if there is a deficiency of vitamin D, it can lead to rickets, sick foxes walk unsteadily, growth is stunted, emaciation occurs, fur becomes rough, limbs deform, and the spine bends. Treatment can be done by adding Qilu Fox Multi-Vitamin or Jinhua Dafang Multi-Vitamin or Xing Sha Complex B to the feed, or by injecting Jin Weita, and attention should be paid to increasing illumination.

9. Staphylococcus Infection: sick cubs have red and swollen paw pads with mucus, similar to vitamin C deficiency, hoarse vocalization, and a higher death rate. Treatment: oral administration of Amoxicillin + Ofloxacin for mother animals, and intramuscular injection of Cephalexin for cubs.

10. Clostridium Botulinum Infection: muscle tension disappears, hind limbs become weak and powerless, pupils dilate, salivation occurs, there is no defensive reaction when caught, chewing and swallowing disorders, difficulty breathing, short-term death after onset, disease mortality rate of 70-90%. Treatment can be done by intramuscular injection of Cephalexin. Oral administration of Amikacin + Ofloxacin for a large group of animals.

11. Erythrocyte Inclusions Disease

In recent years, Erythrocyte Inclusions Disease has occurred more frequently in foxes, minks, and raccoon dogs. The disease is caused by the pathogen in blood-attached erythrocytes. Sick animals have low-grade fever, gradually reduced appetite, anemia, conjunctival jaundice, and bloody stools. Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infectious disease caused by a Toxoplasma gondii, which can affect humans, livestock, wild animals, and fur animals. It can be transmitted through feed, mucous membranes, secretions, and excreta. Major symptoms include elevated body temperature of 41-41°C, central nervous system disorders, increased excitability, motor disorders, loss of appetite or anorexia, difficulty breathing, diarrhea, and stillbirth in mother animals. Various organs have varying degrees of lesions, characterized by hemorrhage and edema, especially in the lungs, liver, spleen, and gastric mucosa. Treatment: intravenous injection of Mingan Injection + Weasel Inclusion Keli and combined use with Jin Weita injection.

Eating Requirements - Normally, they are very active and often run up high trees or into the jungle to find food. Sometimes their traces can be found in the wheat fields. Lemurs like to eat insects and larvae, but sugarcane juice is their favorite. Their claws are slender, and they often dig insects from the tree bark to eat. In addition, to balance their diet, parents can also give them bird eggs or hard fruit shells. Don't worry about them not being able to eat it, but don't forget that they also have strong claws waiting for it.

Environment - Almost all monkeys are active and agile. Whenever there is any movement around them, they will come forward to investigate. The little ones have a strong curiosity. Before raising them, parents should prepare a cage of suitable size and place some fake high branches and leaves in it to create a habitat similar to the wild environment for them to move around. Overall, the difficulty of raising lemurs is small. However, during the change of seasons, attention should also be paid to the temperature around them, which should not be too high or too low, preferably constant. Only in this way can they grow up healthy and active!

The Lemur's ability to withstand cold is weak, so it often huddles together with other individuals, wrapping its tail around the other, making it difficult to tell whose tail is whose. Overall, the Lemur has a gentle temperament and is naturally clean. They use their claws to groom their fur daily, which is quite amusing to watch. In addition, it is a typical nocturnal animal and sleeps during the day. This primate can go without eating for several weeks. However, it is very smart and won't let itself go hungry in vain. Before fasting, they will eat as much as possible to fill their body with fat and thus sustain their lives.